4 10 293 Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation None given Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Unknown Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Single Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census The Vicarage, Easebourne, West Sussex Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census WFL Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Evades Biographical Text See entry for her sister Elsie Cummin (WFL) at the same address Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vinvela Cummin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-80578.61339949444 6620704.527634925) WFL https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/46896e60e8899d5bdd012d50adce55dc.jpg 9db1fb58a9aa1288a537f1213c6138e8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Vicarage (Easebourne Street) Easebourne, Midhurst. Source: courtesy of the Midhurst Society 2021. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/7485fdb70000a710ca7882541276a9d6.jpg 5b2b1d79fa050cf1440bc0059f658c34 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Elsie Cummins 1909 WFL badge (front). Source: https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/17955/lot/1017/ https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/0b66c62f6a9f0fbe0bfe73b0b52a4e08.jpg 38a171fd17e6bf38caa6fd56f1efee47 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Elsie Cummins 1909 WFL badge (back). Source: https://www.bonhams.com/auctions/17955/lot/1017/ https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/1fb40240df466fe1b53097305275783b.jpg 886e2698b583e8a423a91c80e332effd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource 1911 census form for the Vicarage naming Elsie's sisters Vinvela & Christabel as 'Suffragettes wandering about all night'. Source: courtesy The National Archives. Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation None given Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Unknown Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Single Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census The Vicarage, Easebourne, West Sussex Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census WFL Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Complies Biographical Text The Cummin family lived at Easebourne Vicarage from 1892 when Revd Joseph Cummin was appointed Vicar. In July 1908 Muriel Matters’ caravan tour of the Bognor and Chichester area resulted in the formation of a Midhurst/West Sussex WFL branch. Its secretary was Vinvela Cummin, the eldest of the four surviving Cummin sisters; Elsie was treasurer. Florence de Fonblanque chaired its first public meeting, held at Easebourne. When, in October, Muriel Matters was arrested for chaining herself to the Ladies Grille in the House of Commons, Vinvela wrote to North Sussex MP Lord Winterton asking him to support the transfer of Muriel Matters from 3rd to 1st Division. His hostile reply was printed in several provincial newspapers. In March 1909 a triumphal procession preceded a lively meeting at Midhurst welcoming Madge Turner back from imprisonment for trying to present a petition to PM Asquith on behalf of the West Sussex WFL. This was led by WFL founder member Anne Cobden Sanderson, who, as fourth daughter of Richard Cobden, had spent her early years at Dunford House, Midhurst. Vinvela carried the banner donated by her mother. In July 1909 it was widely reported that Elsie was one of four women arrested for refusing to move away from the door of 10 Downing St while waiting for a reply from Asquith to a petition they had handed in. They were sentenced to three weeks in Holloway. A celebratory breakfast and afternoon appearance in Trafalgar Square took place on the day of their release, and each of the women was presented with a prison banner and silver prison brooch at a Caxton Hall reception five days later. Elsie’s return to Easebourne was celebrated at a meeting in the Vicarage where she was presented with an illuminated address. The West Sussex WFL qualified to march, carrying its banner, in the WFL section of the WSPU’s Prisoners’ Pageant in London on 18 June 1910. In April 1910 Vinvela, already ‘the lady member’ of Easebourne Parish Council, stood for the WFL as the first ‘lady’ candidate in the local Rural District Council election. She failed to win one of the three Easebourne seats but was reported to be undeterred by her defeat and began to campaign with other local suffragists at meetings of the National Committee for the Prevention of Destitution. A particular Easebourne ally of the Cummin sisters was Annie Roff who later joined Florence de Fonblanque’s Marchers Qui Vive. She reported to the WFL newspaper The Vote on a meeting at Midhurst at which tax resistance and Census evasion were recommended. Elsie and her youngest sister, Mary, remained at the Vicarage to be listed on the Census with their father. Below their names, were written in red the words ‘Suffragettes wandering about all night’, then the names of Vinvela and Christabel. Following their father’s retirement in 1912, the Cummin sisters moved to Froxfield, near Petersfield, Hampshire, and Vinvela, continuing to demand improved village housing, became chair of the Petersfield branch of the National Land and Home League. In 1913 she announced herself as a tax resister and at the beginning of December an auction sale at the home of ‘the Misses Cummin’ was followed by a supportive protest meeting on Froxfield Green addressed by the WFL’s Eunice Murray and Nina Boyle. By 1913 the WFL was campaigning against the failure of the Courts to convict men accused of sexual abuse of women and children and took up the case of a 14-year-old girl who became pregnant as a result of being raped by one of her mother’s police constable lodgers. At the Old Bailey PC Wetherall was acquitted of repeated criminal assault and remained in post, and as part of the WFL’s demand for a re-trial, members took turns to picket outside the office of the Director of Public Prosecutions. Elsie and four others were arrested here at the end of March 1914. Brought before magistrates at Bow Street, they ‘spoke out strongly’ against the protection of criminals such as PC Wetherall and his being allowed to remain in the force. All refused to pay the 40 shillings fine, so were sentenced to 14 days. The WFL held a ‘Prisoners’ Reception’ in April 1914 to award ‘prison badges’ to the 12 members who had been imprisoned for their part in publicising the Wetherall case. Elsie was one of two absentees who sent letters regretting that it was impossible for them to be present but saying that they were full of eagerness for further service. Sources: Bognor Regis Observer, Brighton Gazette, Chichester Observer, Hants Advertiser, Hants News, Portsmouth Evening News, West Sussex County Times, West Sussex Gazette, London Evening Standard, Vote, Women’s Franchise. Contributed by Frances Stenlake, Independent Researcher. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elsie Cummin Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-80578.61339949444 6620704.527634925) WFL https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/301e3baba5241dd0f8a0c613fcd094c0.jpg fa5cbef69b8562c6121d398147159c9f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Lady Constance Lytton circa 1911. Courtesy The National Portrait Gallery. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/b815aa266a378bff92ea30a2c9f4e244.jpg 9cccddab798fc9b8bcbc2841a618e469 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Emmeline Pankhurst and Constance Lytton at Waterloo Station, c.1910. Courtesy of The Women's Library at LSE. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/bcecd23d9467700665a23ecc3080ce2c.jpg 4c455343b3e68792e1b54d507651e253 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Letter from Constance Lytton to Miss Browne on her arrest following a deputation in 1909 (p.1). Courtesy The Women's Library at LSE. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/fb531e9cf8dddc38048305652abf5c1a.jpg 278b5c1cff64a52fd188f75bbdeb3268 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Letter from Constance Lytton to Miss Browne on her arrest following a deputation in 1909 (p.2). Courtesy The Women's Library at LSE. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/d5240857fe6f31855f4eedfa491b77d3.jpg 532f60f504720b1c83eeb24ed2b3ead0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Lady Constance Lytton dressed as seamstress 'Jane Warton'. Image courtesy of The Museum of London. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/ff799cdafb3a6cc90ca59a1a4f736338.jpg 9ad9c44cca59d44a87ac4f1d730ed88b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The 1911 census form for Constance Lytton's London flat at 15 Somerset Terrace where she resisted. Courtesy The National Archives. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/7339e9ba7b23f93d5657f5db2878b9fe.jpg 56073ecb112edc0f77a2a795a2f08c07 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Suffragettes Constance Lytton and Lesley Lawless with other women outside Bow Street Magistrates' Court, carrying suitcases, parcels, rugs, c. 1912. Courtesy The Women's Library at LSE. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/27841df39c7960190a3161ed7b861be8.jpg 5c6b4aeeb7aaff3cb89cd831e9eafbc0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Constance Lytton parading in the WSPU's From Prison to Citizenship Pageant, 1911. Courtesy The Women's Library at LSE. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/652d3dac9772dfe54b84f02b3ce1925f.jpg ca1fd28c7fb9f0843347c6c26a6407ea Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Letter from Constance Lytton to Mrs Pankhurst asking that Miss Avery, a teacher at Knebworth school, be excused from joining the March 1912 window smashing campaign. Courtesy The National Archives. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/bdd2f8f07e871cfaa0bfc6e7996837f6.jpg aa7ac00e7ec8b672722b85386042d380 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Constance Lytton 1910. Courtesy The Women's Library at LSE. Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation None Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 42 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Single Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 15 Somerset Terrace, London Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census WSPU Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Resists Biographical Text Lady Constance Lytton (1869-1923) joined the WSPU in January 1909 and was a committed suffragette. She was imprisoned in Holloway prison for one month in February 1909 but was found to have a weak heart so began her sentence in the hospital wing, rather than the cells. During her sentence she carved the letter ‘V’ on her chest with a hairpin (with the intention of writing ‘Votes for Women’). She was arrested in October 1909 after throwing a stone at a car in Newcastle. Constance was sentenced to one month’s imprisonment and began a hunger strike. On her third day without eating, following a medical examination, her sentence was terminated, and she was released. Constance did not want the special privileges that she felt she had been given because of her family (her father had been Viceroy of India), so in January 1910 she travelled to a protest in Liverpool disguised as a seamstress named Jane Warton. She was arrested and sentenced by contrast to two weeks in the Third Division criminal class of prison. ‘Jane’ did not reveal her medical condition and went on hunger strike. She was force-fed eight times before her real identity was established and she was released. Following her release, she wrote a graphic account of her experiences for The Times and provided a report to the Home Office. The furore surrounding Constance's preferential treatment compared to lower class 'Jane' was embarrassing for the government and a publicity coup for the WSPU: though her treatment as 'Jane' took a serious toll on Constance's health. From June 1910 she was a paid organiser for the WSPU, earning £2 per week. She rented a flat near the Euston Road, where she lived at the time of the 1911 census and gave speeches around the country. She refused to give her details for the census, and they were completed by the registrar with an estimated age. After a stroke in the autumn of 1910, she became paralysed down one side, but subsequently recovered and carried on with speaking engagements. Constance’s last imprisonment was in November 1911 after she threw stones, breaking glass at a Post Office. She was sentenced to fourteen days in the First Division, but her fine was paid anonymously, and she was released, even though this was against normal suffragette policy. Another stroke in May 1912 meant that Constance moved back to Knebworth to live with her mother. She taught herself to write left-handed and wrote a book about her experiences called Prisons and Prisoners, which was published in March 1914. Constance did not take part in any more direct suffragette action but continued to hold the cause dear and was visited by many of her WSPU friends. During the First World War she worked on behalf of a range of different causes and sold many of her possessions so that she could give more money. Constance was delighted when some women were given the vote in 1918. She died in 1923, and a palm leaf in Suffragette colours was placed upon her casket by Emmeline Pethick Lawrence. For more about Constance’s life at Knebworth read my blog for Mapping Women’s Suffrage. Sources: B. Barnett-Sanders and E. Lenton (ed.) Suffrage Stories: Tales from Knebworth, Stevenage, Hitchin, and Letchworth (Stevenage: Stevenage Museum, 2019) P. Miles and J. Williams, An Uncommon Criminal (Knebworth: KHEPT, 1999) L. Jenkins, Lady Constance Lytton: Aristocrat, Suffragette, Martyr (London: Biteback, 2015). Contributed by Katherine Dunstan, Education Officer, Knebworth House Education and Preservation Trust www.knebworthhouse.com Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Constance Lytton (Lady) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-14406.189260024557 6715117.602641573) WSPU https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/d70ca9318c11fd6d53bf993cdfcbe188.png 514a041a75ed6227815fad4f02e67266 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Ernestine in her Kensington studio wearing heat shield face protector. Source & copyright: Irene Cockroft https://artjewelryforum.org/articles/ernestine-mills-angel-of-hope/ https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/8119a13a35583ea72b7a3e814186964c.jpg 4ef28782a6d227e0c9b6d3d7bcfa8743 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Ernestine Mills (mirror with enamelled copper plate) circa 1905. Source: V&A Museum (136.1958). https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/732286cf6306ef2eff3ab67fc20c80bd.jpg 611066efc2e45fa95692a06ad6de304a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource 'The Anti Suffragist' postcard published by Ernestine Mills. Source: The Women's Library, LSE. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/e4845dac05e58d80b332c8a9f9c82cee.png d86f72664da4d84937dc8342b92aba0c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Angel of Hope pendant (1909) by Ernestine Mills presented to WSPU Kensington branch Secretary Louise Eates. Source & copyright: Irene Cockroft/Museum of London. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/ba8ca80eec20b2ee7d15b31de19553ec.jpg 6737c95d40b5398e2fa5813c723c5e41 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The 1911 census record for Ernestine's home at 21 St Mary Abbotts Terrace, Kensington. The Mills were away in Dorset on holiday so it was completed by their servants. Source: courtesy The National Archives. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/7dbfe7cafcea153f1f858013287c2fff.jpg 0ecda3f2304a877d358940d8fead143c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Mills were recorded on the 1911 census holidaying in Dorset. Source: courtesy The National Archives. Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation Artist in silver & enamel Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 37 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Married Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 21 St Mary Abbotts Terrace, Kensington Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census WSPU Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Complies Biographical Text Ernestine Mills (1871-1959) was born in Hastings, Sussex, to Major Thomas Evans Bell and his wife Emily. They had two daughters, but Ernestine’s elder sister died aged nine in 1878. Both Ernestine’s parents were supportive of female suffrage. Her father had belonged in 1868 (just after its founding) to the London National Society for Women’s Suffrage; in 1866 her mother had signed the first nationally organised suffrage petition; and both had been members of the Central Committee of the National Society for Women’s Suffrage 1871-2. In the 1890s, Ernestine attended the Slade school of art also taking classes at Finsbury Central Technical School and the South Kensington School of Art where she focussed on enamelling. In 1898, she married medical Dr Herbert Mills and the couple had a daughter Hermia in 1902. Often considered the death knell for women’s artistic careers, marriage and motherhood did not dint Ernestine’s who exhibited widely from 1900 with the Royal Academy; the Royal Miniature Society; and the Society of Women Artists among others. She served her apprenticeship with pre-Raphaelite artist Frederic Shields (he had been a friend to her mother) and later edited a work on his life and letters (1912). By 1909 she was a member of the Fabian Women’s Group and the Women’s Guild of Art. She joined the WSPU in 1907 but does not appear to have participated in its law-breaking activities. She and Herbert did not boycott the 1911 census, one of the more accessible forms of suffragette activism, but instead complied. They were recorded away on holiday in Dorset on the census, their servants filling in the form for their usual address (where they are located on the map) at 21 St Mary Abbotts Terrace, Kensington, in their absence. Ernestine published two suffrage postcards independently: ‘The Anti-Suffragist’ and ‘The New Mrs Partington’. She also produced and sold enamelled jewellery to raise funds for the WSPU. Ernestine made enamelled silver pendants awarded to Louise Eates (secretary of the Kensington WSPU) and Leila Cadiz (pseudonym ‘Margaret Murphy’ an Irish hunger-striking suffragette) and her work continued for the cause after the cause was won. In 1930, she enamelled a portrait of constitutional campaign leader Lady France Balfour and in 1950, made an enamel plaque to commemorate the Brackenbury sisters (see) and their mother’s work during the campaign (commissioned by the Suffragette Fellowship). The plaque still adorns the Brackenburys former Kensington home. Sources: Elizabeth Crawford, Art and Suffrage: A Biographical Dictionary of Suffrage Artists (Francis Boutle 2018); Irene Cockroft, New Dawn Women: Women in the Arts and Crafts and Suffrage Movements at the Dawn of the Twentieth Century (Watts 2005) & Ernestine Mills: Angel of Hope https://artjewelryforum.org/articles/ernestine-mills-angel-of-hope/. Contributed by Tara Morton (Warwick University) as part of the Mapping British Women Artists 1750-1950 project & Research Group, which is affiliated with The British Art Network (led and supported by Tate and the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, with public funding provided by the National Lottery through Arts Council England. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ernestine Mills Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-22592.068014368444 6709848.392116847) https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/15c8f853730299578008cbbad357a888.jpg 3a41a4b8a195e661965c81195371f258 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Very Reverend Edward Maclure (1895) by Myra Luxmoore. Source: courtesy Manchester Art Gallery. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/843456f8330dc88df7fe798c1b28e9c9.jpg c8e5b5e5496b632e53cc14e92d008aac Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Portrait painting of an unknown woman in black (dated circa early twentieth century) by Myra Luxmoore. Source: https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/print-edition/2020/march/2435/auction-reports/portraits-of-mystery-young-women-catch-the-eye-in-auctions/ https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/0846b7c8c96855fb1959c516f89e6d78.jpg 5b36946668237ac5757a3dd71d22658c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Myra's only known suffrage postcard produced for the CUWFA. Source: photo courtesy of Elizabeth Crawford with permission from Ken Florey https://womanandhersphere.com/?s=luxmoore Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation Artist Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 51 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Single Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 57 Bedford Gardens (studio 1) Kensington, London Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census CUWFA Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Evades Biographical Text Myra Elizabeth Luxmoore (1860-1918) was born in Paddington, London. After a brief spell in south Wales the family moved to Devon where in 1881 Myra was described as an ‘art student’ though it is not clear where she studied. Myra was a portrait and figure painter and in 1881 exhibited as an associate with the Society of Women Artists and by 1891 had moved to London where she exhibited regularly from 1905 with the Royal Academy. Among her exhibits was a portrait of Lady Balfour (1894) and one of the daughter of Sir John Craggs MVO. Featured (images) are her paintings of the Very Reverend Edward Maclure (1895) and a painting of an unknown woman in black (dated circa early twentieth century). Myra also drew inspiration from her travels in northern France (glimpsed in a painting of a Breton harbour scene) and Palestine which inspired a biblical painting (c.1912) owned by Sister Agnes Mason (founder of the Community of the Holy Family). Myra joined the London Society for Women’s Suffrage (NUWSS) in 1909 and was also secretary of the Kensington branch of the Conservative & Unionist Women’s Franchise Association (CUWFA) for which she also produced a suffrage postcard entitled ‘Woman’s cause is Man’s: They rise or sink together’. She also held numerous suffrage meetings in her spacious studio (no.1) at 57 Bedford Gardens, Kensington. Some of the meetings were recorded by suffrage campaigner Kate Frye in her diary (see sources below) which gives some fascinating glimpses into the meetings where there was often ‘a crush of people and no end of helpers’. Although Myra belonged to law abiding suffrage societies the CUWFA and NUWSS, she likely took part in the organised suffragette boycott of the 1911 census as she is nowhere to be found on the census record. The census official noted that Myra was was the occupier of the flat but listed it as ‘unoccupied’ that night. Sources: E Crawford (Ed.) Campaigning for the Vote: Kate Parry Frye’s Suffrage Diary (Francis Boutle, 2013) & Art and Suffrage: A Biographical Dictionary of Suffrage Artists (Francis Boutle, 2018). Contributed by Tara Morton (Warwick University) as part of the Mapping British Women Artists 1750-1950 project & Research Group, which is affiliated with The British Art Network (led and supported by Tate and the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, with public funding provided by the National Lottery through Arts Council England. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Myra Luxmoore Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-21903.890922380222 6711255.7810176425) CUWFA https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/033eba1e373cfb7ab6f21db9a3eca7eb.jpg 0e63ed516b93286a309c2661869f7f7b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Source: Courtesy The National Archives Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation None Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 39 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Divorced Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Old Hall, Ashdown Forest, Sussex Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census NUWSS Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Complies Biographical Text Muriel was a daughter of Liberal politician Thomas Brassey, eldest son of the railway magnate, and his first wife, Annie. After divorcing Gilbert Sackville, Earl de la Warr, in 1902, Muriel took up residence at Old Lodge on Ashdown Forest. In March 1911 she donated to WSPU funds and sent to the Bexhill Chronicle the WSPU’s reply to Winston Churchill’s attack on it, protesting particularly about the force-feeding of men suffrage activists. At this time Muriel was staying with her friend, American heiress Mary Hoadley Dodge, at Warwick House, St James, where she and her maid are listed as visitors in the 1911 Census. In April 1911 Muriel presided, supported by Louisa Martindale, at a Horsted Keynes meeting, attended by a ‘large, fashionable and enthusiastic audience’, and addressed by Lord Robert Cecil. In the Coronation Procession of 17th June she accompanied Millicent Garrett Fawcett and her entourage. In the autumn of 1911 Muriel became President of the East Grinstead Women’s Suffrage Society formed by Marie Corbett. Vice-Presidents included Lady Sybil Brassey, the second wife of Muriel’s father, and Lady Eleanor Cecil. Meanwhile Muriel and Lady Betty Balfour, President of the Conservative Women’s Franchise Association, had been ‘working indefatigably’ to make Emmeline Pankhurst’s tour of the Highlands ‘a great success’. As Betty Balfour said, presiding over Lady Cowdray’s ‘At Home’ at Dunecht House, ‘Now that the Government has promised facilities for the Conciliation Bill, all suffrage societies are working heart and soul together’. In November 1911 Muriel chaired a WSPU meeting in South Kensington, addressed by Elizabeth Robins and Evelyn Sharp. In February 1912 she was on the platform at a NUWSS Albert Hall event presided over by Millicent Garrett Fawcett and addressed by Lloyd George, Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Betty Balfour’s brother Lord Lytton, chair of the Conciliation Committee. A meeting chaired by Muriel at Brockenhurst Ladies College, Seaford, resulted in the formation of a NUWSS branch there. In November, now President also of the Rotherfield and Mark Cross Women’s Suffrage Society, Muriel attended another NUWSS public meeting in the Albert Hall where one of the speakers was Lord Robert Cecil. For the Midlothian by-election in September 1912, Muriel, a committee member of the NUWSS Election Fighting Fund, lent at least one car to the suffrage-supporting Labour Party. She similarly supported George Lansbury when, in November 1912, he resigned his seat of Bow and Bromley in order to force a by-election and stood independently as a Socialist Women’s Suffragist. In January 1913 Muriel became President of the new Federated Council of Women’s Suffrage Societies, comprising 18 non-militant suffrage organisations, and run under the auspices of the National Political League. She participated in a National Political League demonstration in March, and conference in April, calling upon the Government to stop this ‘barbarous custom of forcible feeding’. She was a signatory of protests against the Cat and Mouse Act, and in May 1913 was one of the few women to attend the Bow St trial of seven WSPU officials WSPU, including Beatrice Sanders, and two men. Muriel and Mary Dodge were thanked for supplying cars for the NUWSS Pilgrimage in July 1913, and, in September, Muriel’s ‘large and comfortable motor car’ made Lady Frances Balfour and her companions ‘independent of the vagaries of Highland trains’, on their campaigning tour of Scotland. In 1917 Muriel joined the National Council for Adult Suffrage, and in the December 1918 General Election supported Major Graham-Pole, Labour candidate for the East Grinstead Division, whose publicity gave as the ninth of ten reasons for voting for him that ‘he stands for equal rights for men and women’. Sources: WSRO 54752 E Grinstead WSS report; WSRO 54746 Marie Corbett letter; Daily Herald; Manchester Courier; Bexhill Observer; Bexhill Chronicle; Croborough Weekly; Hastings and St Leonards Observer; Kent and Sussex Courier; Mid Sussex Times; Sussex Express; Common Cause; Vote; Votes for Women; Women’s Dreadnought. Contributed by Frances Stenlake, Independent writer & researcher. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Muriel de la Warr (Countess) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(8670.118539227222 6630432.442855885) NUWSS https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/415b7d862e49e1626946d64cae7ab158.jpg ceda0f1c00048adc651f56359fca9eed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Marie Brackenbury in prison, postcard 1908-9. Source: Kenney Papers, UEA Archive.(https://suffragettestories.omeka.net/items/show/134) https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/1e4c62c41474e45f18ca7aab24eb36fa.jpg c1327f2bc6b803400a6932d2631ee9f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published cartoon sketch entitled ‘History Up To Date And More So’ by Marie Brackenbury. Source: Surrey History Centre ref 6536/221 www.exploringsurreyspast.org.uk https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/d37cbecb8c8fcc3246092fc28d7f09bb.jpg a52e7d14fe87a20ce86ad3b679d50dfd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Brackenbury census evasion at 2 Campden Hill, 1911. Source: Courtesy The National Archives. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/d4c6fe49166d5c751e3cc2d60558b5e3.jpg 8e96add4d6caba9cfb70ab93e2bb0e59 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Miss Brackenbury 'suffragettes information refused' so noted in red by the census enumerator along with the number of evaders present, 1911. Source: courtesy The National Archives. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/589d54938eadb068f2ea2eaec3a61a9b.jpg 185ce1ef6eec0391226c7036f3bea3b8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Georgina Brackenbury 1905-1914. Source & copyright The Museum of London. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/24b501cff0e71e42b50b4f9d6817be2b.jpg 2f613ae7d8495485ee92584d826c9584 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource WSPU leader Mrs. Emmeline Pankhurst painted by Georgina Brackenbury (commissioned 1927). Source & copyright The National Portrait Gallery. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/2a4173249ac08e89b1c72ae005d4260b.jpg 3063137a6ddc31d651f594c46ed99840 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Georgina Brackenbury's portrait of Viscount Dillon (1894) hangs in the National Portrait Gallery. Source & copyright The National Portrait Gallery. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/3da5c0e84a7d88b2b06cce89157797c1.jpg b708e4423f7bd105bddee42d886a290b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Brackenbury’s deeds for the cause were commemorated in a plaque made by suffrage campaigner Ernestine Mills commissioned by the Suffragette Fellowship in 1950. Source: The Museum of London online collections (plaque link copyright © V.I. Cockroft). Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation Artists Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 46 & 45 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Single Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 2 Campden Hill Square, Kensington Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census WSPU Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Evades Biographical Text Georgina Agnes Brackenbury (1865-1949) and her sister Marie Venetia Caroline Brackenbury (1866-1945) were portrait and landscape painters respectively. They were born in Woolwich to an army general and his wife Hilda and were two of nine siblings. Both sisters trained at the Slade school of art circa 1888 to 1900 where they met several fellow students who were also became involved in the campaign for female suffrage. After leaving the Slade Georgina has some success portrait painting. For example, her portrait of Viscount Dillon (1894) hangs in the National Portrait Gallery and she exhibited a portrait of Lord de Mauley at the Royal Academy in 1904. The sisters rented studios in Chelsea (1896 in 56 Glebe Place) and Kensington (1911 2 Hillsleigh Road) but had the use of a huge studio located in their Kensington home from 1900 at 2 Campden Hill Square where they spent the duration of their involvement in the Women’s suffrage campaign alongside a country home in Peaslake, Surrey. In 1907 through 1908, both sisters subscribed to Mrs Millicent Fawcett’s law abiding NUWSS but also in 1907 joined Mrs Emmeline Pankhurst’s militant WSPU. Soon after in 1908, Marie contributed a cartoon to a January edition of the ‘Women’s Franchise’ which was also reproduced as a postcard and a leaflet. The cartoon entitled ‘History Up to Date and more so – by a suffragette pavement artist’ made a comical play on the nursery rhyme The House that Jack Built. That same month, the sisters held a WSPU meeting at their home studio at Campden Hill accommodating 200 women. Their shift towards militancy was rapid when they were arrested just a few weeks later on the 11th of February following their part in a daring raid on the House of Commons with suffragettes attempting to force entry. Both Georgina and Marie were sentenced to six weeks in prison. Undeterred, in June, the sisters chaired platforms at the WSPU demonstration in Hyde Park (21st June) and Georgina began travelling up and down the country speaking at meetings. In 1910, and after working with Annie Kenney, she took over from Mary Gawthorpe as an organiser in Manchester. In 1911, the Brackenbury home became a haven for suffragettes boycotting the government census survey that year hosting an 'evasion'. The message scrawled across the census form read ‘Miss Marie Brackenbury in charge takes this opportunity of registering her protest against the votelessness of the women of Great Britain by refusing to fill in this form’. The census official notes there was one man, and 25 women present at the Brackenbury evasion. The following year in 1912, Marie, Georgina, and their elderly mother Hilda were all imprisoned for two weeks for taking part in the WSPU window smashing campaign. During the most turbulent final years of the militant campaign, the Brackenbury home became known as ‘Mouse Castle’ for giving refuge to suffragettes temporarily released pending rearrest under the infamous Cat and Mouse Act (see our Glossary of terms under resources). In 1914, the Brackenbury home even became temporary WSPU headquarters after its central office was raided by police. In 1927, Georgina was commissioned to paint a portrait of Mrs Pankhurst (see image) and was a pall bearer at her funeral in 1928. In 1950, the Brackenbury’s deeds for the cause were commemorated in a plaque by Ernestine Mills commissioned by the Suffragette Fellowship. Contributed by Tara Morton (Warwick University) as part of the Mapping British Women Artists 1750-1950 project & Research Group, which is affiliated with The British Art Network (led and supported by Tate and the Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art, with public funding provided by the National Lottery through Arts Council England. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Georgina & Marie Brackenbury Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-22472.288242291557 6711620.990764658) WSPU https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/8fb047fbf2d68620d4128879a4bea0b7.jpg b9ef36190a287974cf03a6d3d5f01baf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Israel Zangwill c. 1901. Source: The National Portrait Gallery. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/38f1a6b2c9d4d3d6fa934681b0e8d346.jpg da62690ba224707bd10d06d61b33b504 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Israel Zangwill 1909. Source: The Vote, 16 December 1909 (courtesy The Women's Library LSE). https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/d20d5272d1c3f6c7e1e27b8998f9a50e.jpg 8154051411630afea5fae7148ac28d0c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The Zangwills 1911 census from with protest statement. Source: courtesy The National Archives https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/bfaf51cd6c57acb9cf6fbb01198cc204.jpg 6c579a50316a89c10e147277c4a8f74f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Blue Plaque on Far End (now 63) Sea Lane, East Preston, Littlehampton. Source: courtesy East Preston Parish Council. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/54eb67d21a165774597c9b8c43093f64.jpg 7772c9afd10c8d8467f24e92d60612cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Israel Zangwill c. 1900. Source: The National Portrait Gallery. Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation Writer Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 47 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Married Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Far End, Sea Lane, East Preston, Littlehampton Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census MLWS Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Evades Biographical Text Author and dramatist Israel Zangwill (1864-1926) was associated with several suffrage societies. In 1903 he married Edith Ayrton who was also active in the suffrage movement. In 1906 he told Edith Palliser, secretary of the London Society for Women’s Suffrage, that he was too busy to address suffrage meetings. In December 1907, Israel spoke at the first big public meeting held by the MLWS; he later became one of its Vice-Presidents. On 21 June 1908, the Zangwills took part in the WSPU’s ‘Women’s Sunday’ procession to Hyde Park, riding in a four-horse coach with HG Wells, Thomas Hardy, and others. Later that year Zangwill criticised certain militant methods, and in February 1909 he was the principal speaker at an Exeter Hall meeting organised by non-militant societies. In May 1909 he addressed an NUWSS meeting in Cambridge; the following month he spoke for the WSPU in London. By the end of the year, he was supporting the WFL; a full-page profile in its paper Vote described him as ‘witty, ironic and brilliant’. In April 1911, the Zangwills joined the organised boycott of the census choosing to evade. Their servants were recorded and the Zangwills left a signed note on the census (see image) stating ‘The rest of the household is not entered as we feel that until women have the political rights of citizens, they should not perform the duties of citizens’. In June, Zangwill was in the writers’ contingent of the WSPU Coronation procession and on the platform at its Albert Hall finale. The Actresses’ Franchise League, the International Women’s Suffrage Club, and the Men’s International Alliance for Women’s Suffrage were among other organisations addressed by him. In November 1912 he expressed support for the new Jewish League for Women’s Suffrage, and by 1913 was speaking for the Women’s Tax Resistance League. In May 1913 Zangwill wound up an Oxford Union debate at which a women’s suffrage resolution was carried for the first time. He was involved in protests at this time against force feeding - of Hugh Franklin of the Men’s Political Union as well as of women prisoners – and the Cat and Mouse Act. In Sussex as elsewhere, Zangwill supported both constitutional and militant suffrage societies. In May 1911 he addressed a meeting of the Worthing Women’s Franchise Society presided over by (see) Lady Maud Parry; in February 1914 a meeting of the Littlehampton Women’s Suffrage Society, chaired by Alys Russell. In December 1912 WSPU organiser (see) Greta Allen reported two meetings in Chichester addressed by Zangwill and Alice Abadam, one disrupted by ‘hooligans.’ In February 1913 Zangwill became involved in a scuffle with Worthing hooligans shouting down his wife and other WSPU speakers at the Kursaal. When the United Suffragists was formed early in 1914, Israel and Edith Zangwill became Vice-Presidents, and as a United Suffragists speaker 1915 Zangwill demanded that the ‘Women’s Voice’ be heard in any Peace Settlement. Zangwill’s most memorable speeches were published as pamphlets by the Woman’s Press. Several were delivered at the Albert Hall on behalf of either the WSPU or the NUWSS, and Zangwill attributed the success of one speech, at a WSPU meeting in Nov 1910, to Miss Rosa Leo, voice coach to WSPU speakers: ‘Thanks to your teachings I spoke for nearly an hour at the Albert Hall without weariness – at least to myself – while my voice carried to every part of the hall’. Rosa Leo used this endorsement for months to come in her suffrage press advertisements. Sources: Women’s Library (WL 9/01/0118) letter 10 April 1906 to Miss Edith Palliser; Pall Mall Gazette; Cambridge Independent Press; Times; Common Cause; Suffragette; Vote; Votes for Women; Women’s Franchise; Eastbourne Gazette; West Sussex Gazette; Worthing Gazette; Jewish Chronicle. Contributed by: Frances Stenlake, Independent Writer & Researcher. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Israel Zangwill Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-53855.25644338111 6586881.855403518) MLWS https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/704323ed14c4522f39a208baab7ab1f3.jpg 143dd1190984301585a546fb17bd1fcd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Ellen's 1911 census schedule. Source: courtesy The National Archives Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation None known Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 50 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Single Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Lower Rookery, Ditchling, Sussex Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census NUWSS Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Complies Biographical Text Rose Chute Ellis (1861-1947) was the daughter of a member of the Legislative Council of South Australia, and appears to have come to Sussex in 1908, the year of the marriage of her brother, Boer War veteran Lt-Col William Chute Ellis, to Constance, the youngest of the four Bull sisters who ran a girls’ school at their home, Trevelyan, in Haywards Heath. Rose lived first in Ditchling with her companion Susan Armitage and Susan’s orphaned niece and nephew. By 1911 Rose was a popular speaker for the Central Sussex Women’s Suffrage Society (CSWSS): a speech at a summer garden meeting was reportedly ‘as refreshing as fizzing magnesia’. With Brighton’s Edith Pickworth and (see) Flora de Gaudrion Merrifield, Rose addressed outreach meetings in Ditchling and the village of Streat. In 1912 she and Susan moved their household to Cuckfield to live near CSWSS secretary and treasurer, (see) Edith Bevan, and helped Edith Bevan organise the Haywards Heath Sweated Industries Exhibition. Rose was on the platform at its opening, with Flora, Marie Corbett, and Louisa Martindale. As a member of the Girls Friendly Society, she worked with Dorothy Bonavia Hunt and her mother, and Mrs Bonavia Hunt expressed appreciation of the ‘spiritual aspect’ of Rose’s suffragist principles. Rose was the leading light of the Sussex Suffrage Amateurs, who performed plays written for the Actresses’ Franchise League. A favourite was A Chat with Mrs Chicky. Rose always played the title role; those who took a turn to play opposite her included (see) Alys Russell. Rose enjoyed the support of her brother, Lt-Col Chute Ellis. Declaring himself to have been a suffragist for 30 years, he chaired a meeting, held by the Burgess Hill Pleasant Wednesday Evening Society, addressed by Rose on Woman’s Place and Power in the State. When he and his wife hosted a suffrage garden meeting at their Burgess Hill home in Burgess Hill, he introduced speaker Rose as ‘well-known in the neighbourhood’. On Monday 21 July, Rose was among Cuckfield and Central Sussex suffragists, led by Edith Bevan and accompanied by photographer (see) Douglas Miller, who met suffrage Pilgrims from Brighton at Stonepound Crossroads, Hassocks. The following morning, she and Susan joined Edith Bevan, (see) Marie Corbett, (see) Louisa Martindale, Flora de Gaudrion Merrifield, (see) Dorothy Bonavia Hunt, and other CSWSS members, to set off from Cuckfield for the second day of marching. At the Hyde Park rally at the end of that week, Rose, Susan, and Edith were among the CSWSS stalwarts present around the Reformers’ Tree. A month later, at a CSWSS meeting at Ditchling, Rose referred to the Pilgrimage as ‘the most delightful week of my whole life’, a vindication of NUWSS non-militant methods. During the War, Rose’s campaigned for NUWSS hospital tents and children’s welfare; she helped organise a Ministry of Food talk in Cuckfield by (see) Elizabeth Robins. After the War, she and Susan moved with Edith Bevan to East Chiltington, Plumpton. Here Rose became successively founder, secretary, and President of the Plumpton WI, and ten years later, founder member of the League of Nations Plumpton branch. Sources: Mid Sussex Times Sussex Express Common Cause ESRO WI/62/3/1 Plumpton WI scrapbook. NB. the location of Ellen's home is approximated on the map. Contributed by: Frances Stenlake, Independent Researcher & Writer. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ellen Rose Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-12476.577206882555 6607011.444362038) NUWSS https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/2a599f64d41561eb1afd160f9624ace0.png 22e7fa6f6bda8f30368a1b7dd2e2baee Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Esther Roper c. 1892 as a student at Owen's College. Source: The Women's Library (LSE). https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/ba3453efc0826a7aec3ecd49feb65303.png 80479d04de1f3f9df40ce97f5463973f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Esther Roper (seated) at work with Edith Palliser (left) & Mrs Blaxter c. 1905. Original Source: The Women's Library (LSE) TWL2009.02.141. https://olive-civet.lnx.warwick.ac.uk/files/original/2d39ecf384b781c0dfe7bd588822730b.png ef0639d95f7221a4bc13e496d2070ef4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Esther Roper & Eva Gore-Booth gravestone in Hampstead. Source: www.spirited.org.uk Person (Campaigner) A record of a person related to the Mapping Women's Suffrage project Occupation Secretary Industrial and Professional Women's Society Age The age of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census 43 Marital Status The marital status of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Single Address The address of this person at the time of the 1911 UK Census Cringle Brook, 4 Park Crescent, Victoria Park, Manchester Suffrage Society The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census NUWSS Census This person's response to the 1911 UK Census Evades Biographical Text Esther Gertrude Roper was born on 4 August 1868, in Lindow, Cheshire. Her father had been a factory hand who turned to the Church Missionary Society to improve himself. He spent six years on missionary work in Yoruba, before marrying a teacher, Annie Craig. Esther was the couple’s first child and was looked after by grandparents or sent to the Church Missionary Society’s (CMS) Boarding school in Highbury, London, while her parents continued their work in Africa. When Edward Roper returned to England in 1874, he spent three years preaching around Lancashire. Esther went with him on many of these journeys. Aged only 6, she had an early introduction to the harsh conditions experienced in the textile industries. Annie valued education and Esther was sent to school rather than out to work. With support from the CMS, Esther was enrolled as one of the first women students at Owens College (see image), Manchester, graduating with a degree in 1891. Whilst at Owens, Esther became involved in the Debating Society, and in settlement work. This convinced her to work for women’s suffrage, and the cause of women’s rights – particularly fair and equal pay for working class women. In 1893, Esther took over and re-invigorated the North of England Society for Women’s Suffrage. She traveled extensively around Lancashire collecting signatures for Millicent Fawcett’s special appeal and became an executive member for the NUWSS in London. In 1896, Esther’s life completely changed, when she met the radical Irish writer (see) Eva Gore-Booth. Both were recuperating in Italy and whilst it is in not clear whether the two women became lovers, certainly they fell in love, and remained so for the rest of their lives. Eva moved to Manchester to be with Esther, and the two women then lived together until Eva’s death in 1926. Esther’s work for women’s right was prodigious. Although not a natural orator, she spoke at meetings all over the country, arguing that the vote would empower women to achieve equality in the working world – in training, opportunity, and most importantly, wages. She criticised protective legislation which limited women’s opportunities and often their wages. In line with this, she campaigned hard against legal restrictions on the work of Pit Brow Lasses in Lancashire and of Barmaids and pub Landladies across the country. In 1911, Esther and Eva were living in Victoria Park in Manchester. The census record describes Esther as ‘the occupier’ (see Eva Gore Booth's entry for census form). However, neither woman was in the property on census night, nor are they recorded elsewhere. It is highly possible that they took part in the mass evasion ‘sleepover’ at Denison House– (see Jessie Stephenson WSPU member). Jill Liddington, in Vanishing for the Vote (2014) describes them as ‘probably present’ (p.178). In 1913, the couple moved to London for Eva’s health. During the war both women supported conscientious objectors, welfare work, and the peace campaign. After Eva’s early death, Esther devoted herself to organising the publication of her poetry and other writing, maintaining herself with some history teaching. Esther died in April 1938 and the two are buried together in Hampstead. Sources: Sonia Tierman, Eva Gore Booth: An Image of Such Politics (Manchester: 2012); Jill Liddington, Vanishing for the Vote (Manchester: 2014); Helen Antrobus & Andrew Simcock, First in the Fight (Manchester: 2019). Contributed by Evelyn Cook, Independent Researcher. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Esther Roper Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant ||||osm POINT(-247385.1930359648 7067337.600600301) NUWSS