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                    <text>Constance Cooke. Photo courtesy of Herefordshire Archives and Records Centre</text>
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                    <text>Hellens Manor. Photo Clare Wichbold</text>
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                    <text>Courtesy The National Archives</text>
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                    <text>Elsie Randall Cookery School group. Photo courtesy of Herefordshire Archives and Records Centre</text>
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              <text>The eldest daughter of Charles Radcliffe Cooke, anti-suffragist MP, Constance Chellingworth Radcliffe Cooke was born in London in 1877. When her father inherited Hellens Manor in Herefordshire the family moved there in 1881, and she took an active part in the women’s suffrage campaign in Herefordshire, Worcestershire, and London, from 1908 onwards. She was a member of the WSPU and was involved in a poster parade from Hereford Cathedral in November 1913 alongside (see) Reverend and Ethel Davis. She was a campaigner for public health improvements both in Herefordshire and the Isle of Wight, where she lived for a number of years, and was a member of the Labour Party, and later joined CND. Constance campaigned on environmental issues, wrote books, and was a prolific linguistics and local history researcher. In 1911, she complied with the census despite belonging to the WSPU who encouraged a census boycott, probably because she was working at Elsie Randall's cookery school in Eastbourne though she still managed to describe herself on her census return as a "social reformer". Constance died in 1963, leaving her remarkable collection of papers and photographs to the Herefordshire Archives. Researched and contributed by Herefordshire community fundraiser &amp; author Clare Wichbold, MBE. Source: Herefordshire Archives and Records Centre, E69, personal papers of Constance Radcliffe Cooke. Also see Clare's blog 'These suffrage papers are to be given to Hereford Museum and Library' about Constance on our Suffrage Blogs &amp; News page.</text>
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                    <text>Florence in 1925. Source: The Library of Congress (Digital I.D www.loc.gov/resource/mnwp.159031/)</text>
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                    <text>Photograph of the International Advisory Committee of National Woman's Party - at American Woman's Club - in London, 1925. (Left to right, seated) Alice Paul, Elizabeth Robins, Viscountess Rhondda, Dr. Louisa Martindale, Mrs. Virginia Crawford, Dorothy Evans, (standing), Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence, Alison Neilans, Florence Underwood, Miss Barry. Source: Library of Congress www.loc.gov/resource/mnwp.159031/</text>
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                    <text>1911 census. Source: courtesy The National Archives</text>
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                    <text>Liverpool CWSS Pamphlet. Source: Marij van Helmond, Votes for Women: The Events on Merseyside, 1870-1928 (1992) p.68.</text>
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              <text>Florence Barry (1885-1965) was a committed suffragist, a determined women’s rights activist, and a respected feminist. As leader of the Catholic feminist organisation the St Joan’s Social &amp; Political Alliance she championed women’s rights within the Catholic Church.  She was born in Birkenhead on 14th May 1885 to Frances and Zacharie Barry (Bahri). Often described as a Persian immigrant, Zacharie was born in Smyrna (modern day Izmir, Turkey) and referred to himself as a Naturalised British Subject. Mr. Barry was a successful fruit merchant, specialising in the import and export of sultanas. Sources refer to Florence’s mother Frances as a charity worker of Austrian heritage. Florence’s baptism record is not available online but considering her later career and that her older siblings were baptised in a Liverpool Catholic church, it is reasonable to assume that Florence was baptised a Catholic. In 1901 Florence was attending the Convent School for Young Ladies in Upton, Wirral. The origins of Florence’s suffrage campaigning are unclear, but she was first a member of the Women’s Social &amp; Political Union (WSPU) possibly affiliated with the Birkenhead branch. Initially, she did not see the need for a separate suffrage society for Catholic women, but by 1912, her view had changed, and she became a member of the Catholic Women’s Suffrage Society (CWSS). The CWSS, founded in March 1911, was initially a London organisation but quickly grew, and Liverpool was one its first ‘provincial’ branches. Despite then belonging to the WSPU, Florence complied with the 1911 Census (see image). Was Florence’s compliance the start of her shift away from the WSPU? Possibly, but allegiance to the WSPU did not guarantee a boycott of the census. For example, celebrated Liverpool suffragette (see) Patricia Woodlock who was arrested and imprisoned several times did not take part in the boycott either. Interestingly, Patricia also had links to Liverpool CWSS, so perhaps the women’s decision to comply was influenced by their religious affiliations? By 1913, Florence was Honorary Secretary of Liverpool CWSS and in 1915 joined the CWSS National Executive Committee. By 1919, she was leading the society under its new name the St Joan’s Alliance. Under her leadership the organisation flourished becoming a powerful Catholic feminist group. Florence was also a founding member of the Open-Door Council and in 1927, co-signed a letter to The Times newspaper supporting the vote for women over the age of 21. In recognition for her hard work and dedication Florence was awarded “'Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice' by the Catholic Church in 1951. Key sources: Krista Cowman, Mrs Brown is a Man and a Brother: Women in Merseyside's Political Organisations 1890-1920, (2004); Marij van Helmond, Votes for Women: The Events on Merseyside 1870-1928 (1992). Contributed by Jo Donnelly, Women's History Blogger, www.theherstorianmum.co.uk</text>
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                    <text>Florence de Fonblanque. Source: Belfast Evening Telegraph, 3 October, 1912.</text>
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                    <text>Miss White, Miss Brown, Mrs Byham, Mrs de Fonblanque, Miss Bennett, Miss Robinson. Source: Votes for Women, 22 November, 1912.</text>
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                    <text>Poster for Marchers Qui Vive first public meeting in Horsham Town Hall on 28 March 1913. Source: Friends of Horsham Museum.</text>
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                    <text>Poster for opening of Marchers Qui Vive Depot. Source: Friends of Horsham Museum.</text>
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                    <text>Florence’s grave at Holy Trinity Church, Duncton, with the inscription she requested : ‘Originator and leader of the women’s suffrage march from Edinburgh to London 1912’.</text>
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              <text>Florence de Fonblanque (1864-1949) was the sister of Maud Arncliffe Sennett, a committee member of the Actresses Franchise League, who had a home in Midhurst. Florence married actor Robert de Fonblanque and settled at Duncton in 1893. She came to public and press attention when she led a Women’s March from Edinburgh, starting on 19 October 1912, and reaching London on 16 November, covering a distance of 466 miles. Charlotte Despard of the WFL accompanied the marchers the first day and MLWS members who walked with them included East Preston resident Israel Zangwill, husband of Edith Zangwill of the WSPU. Florence’s horse, Butterfly, pulled a light van. The march culminated in a rally in Trafalgar Square, presided over by Maud Arncliffe Sennett. Supporters were addressed by Charlotte Despard, Ruth Cavendish Bentinck, a defector from the WSPU to the NUWSS, and Florence herself. A petition, with signatures gathered along the way and in London, was delivered by Florence to 10 Downing Street. Although this made little impression on PM Asquith, the march attracted considerable publicity for the cause. The ‘Brown Women’, in their uniform of ‘business-like brown tweed skirts and golf coats’ with green cockades, had their daily progress recorded by regional papers in relay along the route as well as by their own enthusiastic reports sent in to The Vote, Votes for Women, Suffragette and Common Cause. In February 1913, Florence announced the formation of the Marchers Qui Vive Corps. This would run a shop at 60 (now 62) West Street, Horsham, selling suffrage literature and organising marches to Brighton and meetings in villages. At their first public meeting, in Horsham Town Hall in March, speakers Ruth Cavendish Bentinck and Revd Claude Hinscliff, of the Church League for Women’s Suffrage, were introduced by Florence who explained that the Marchers Qui Vive were making Horsham their headquarters for six months and that there would be a march every Saturday. In mid-May Florence and Marchers Qui Vive secretary, Annie Roff of Easebourne, Midhurst, marched with five others to Brighton, stopping overnight in Henfield, and coming back by Shoreham and Steyning. Nine meetings were held in four days, the last being on the marchers’ return to Horsham’s Carfax where they were met by a jeering crowd. The clamour of rattles and handbells was such that the meeting had to be abandoned and a police escort was required. Undaunted, in August 1913 Florence organised a march to Cowdray Park, Midhurst, home of suffragist Annie, Viscountess Country. At an overnight stop at Pulborough, a meeting was held at the Corn Exchange. At the next day’s Cowdray Park open-air meeting, near the polo ground, the star speaker was Mrs Cecil Chapman, President of the New Constitutional Society for Women’s Suffrage, formed following the January 1910 General Election. This was Florence’s last march. She placed a notice in The Vote in Oct 1913 saying that the Marchers qui Vive were giving up their depot in Horsham and would be holding indoor meetings in Sussex during the winter. Sources: West Sussex County Times; West Sussex Gazette; The Vote; Votes for Women; Suffragette; Common Cause. Contributed by independent writer and researcher, Frances Stenlake.</text>
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                    <text>Jaakoff Prelooker. Source: unidentified.</text>
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                    <text>Brookside, Ifield, Crawley. Source: unidentified.</text>
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                    <text>Eastbourne Procession, February 1913.  Jaakoff Prelooker is likely the figure on the right carrying the MLWS banner.</text>
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                    <text>Report on the procession. Source: Eastbourne Gazette, 12th Feb, 1913.</text>
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          <description>The suffrage society this person was affiliated with at the time of the 1911 UK Census</description>
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          <description>This person's response to the 1911 UK Census</description>
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              <text>Complies</text>
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              <text>Jaakoff Prelooker (1860-1935) a Russian teacher and writer who advocated international peace, women’s rights and religious tolerance, lost his position in a Russian Government school and was excommunicated by the Jewish Assembly in Odessa as a heretic. He fled to London and in 1905 married an Englishwoman. The couple and their daughter moved first from Brixton to Eastbourne. They were living at Brookside, Ifield, Crawley by March 1908 when Prelooker was summoned to Horsham Police Court for withholding his rates and taxes as a protest against the political disqualification of women. On the Saturday that the police were due at 4pm to execute a distress warrant and seize Prelooker’s furniture, two open-air ‘demonstrations’ were arranged: at 3pm in the grounds of Prelooker’s house, and at 5.30pm in the High Street. Edith New and Nancy Lightman of the WSPU arrived from London with a ‘Votes for Women’ banner to attach to the Brookside gates. They and Prelooker delivered speeches to the assembled crowd but the police did not turn up. Their disappointed audience dispersed. The speakers then moved to the High Street to address another large crowd. The police postponed their visit until the Monday when the sums due and Court expenses were fully paid by Prelooker who announced that his object had been achieved: to make a moral protest for the purpose of public enlightenment. Later in 1908, during the four-month WFL caravan tour of Kent, Surrey and Sussex undertaken by Muriel Matters, Prelooker was ‘of great assistance’, and hosted a meeting in Crawley addressed by Edith How Martyn. In December 1912 he chaired a meeting at the town’s Railway Hotel addressed by Goldfinch Bate, of the International Women’s Franchise Club, and Dr Charles Drysdale, fellow member of the MLWS, who had a home in Henfield. In February 1913 Prelooker organised an exhibition in Eastbourne Town Hall on behalf of the MLWS. All the major suffrage societies took part and the event began with a procession round the town led by Prelooker carrying a NUWSS banner. The object of the exhibition was to demonstrate the extent of the women’s suffrage movement and displays included the products of sweated industries. Among the leading activists who made speeches were Edith Zangwill of the WSPU and the Jewish League for Women’s Suffrage, Revd Claude Hinscliff, founder with his wife Gertrude of the Church League for Women’s Suffrage, Margaret Kineton-Parkes of the WTRL, and Dr Charles Drysdale. The exhibition resulted in the formation of a branch of the MLWS in Eastbourne and new members for the NUWSS. In November 1912 Prelooker attended the first Congress of the Men’s International Alliance for Women’s Suffrage, held in London, and in August 1913 he represented this organisation at the 20th Universal Peace Conference at The Hague. Prelooker also continued to participate in local suffrage events. At a rally in Horsham’s Causeway in May 1913 of Florence de Fonblanque’s Marchers qui Vive, the speakers were ‘thanked at some length by a gentleman of markedly un-English appearance and a foreign accent’. Please note: 'Brookside' no longer exists and so its position on the map is approximate. Sources: East Grinstead Observer; Sussex County Herald; West Sussex County Times; Eastbourne Gazette; Suffragette; Women’s Franchise; The Vote. Contributed by independent researcher &amp; writer Frances Stenlake.</text>
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                    <text>The WFL caravan tour, 1908. Ethel 'Madge' Turner is most likely the woman standing on the right with Muriel Matters left. The photograph was taken by Madge's sister, Winifred Turner, a photographer’s assistant. Source: The Women's Library, LSE (info Nichola Court).</text>
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                    <text>Madge Turner's report on the London election. Source: The Vote, 10 December 1910, p.74 (LSE).</text>
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                    <text>1911 census form for 65 Gloucester Crescent, London. Source: courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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                    <text>1911 census cover 'Homeless person found in Hampstead Road'. Source: courtesy The National Archives</text>
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                    <text>Front cover of the order of service for the memorial service for Ethel Margaret (Madge) Turner, 1948. Source: The Women's Library, LSE (3AMS/A/07/23 TURNER).</text>
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              <text>Organiser for the Women's Freedom League</text>
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              <text>26</text>
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              <text>65 Gloucester Crescent, London.</text>
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              <text>Ethel Margaret Turner, known as Madge, was born in Chichester, West Sussex, on the 24th of July 1884. Her parents ran a successful grocery business. Local newspaper reports show that she was a Liberal from a young age and became a well-known speaker at political meetings. In June 1908, Madge assisted Muriel Matters when the Women’s Freedom League’s Caravan Campaign reached Chichester during its tour of south eastern England. A local branch of the WFL, based in Midhurst, was formed in July 1908. In February 1909, Madge – representing the West Sussex branch of the WFL - was one of 50-60 women arrested for obstructing the police while attempting to bear a resolution to the Prime Minister; she was sentenced to 14 days imprisonment in Holloway. On her release, Madge returned to West Sussex and spoke of her experiences at meetings in Midhurst and Chichester, where she met with a decidedly mixed reception. After her imprisonment, Madge became a more prominent speaker for the WFL before becoming an Organiser, which saw her leave West Sussex and work around the country on behalf of the WFL. By 1911, Madge was living with Alison Neilans at 65 Gloucester Crescent, London, and the circumstances surrounding the 1911 census return for that address are curious. Madge and Alison as WFL members evaded the census and were not present at Gloucester Crescent on census night. Therefore, the scant details (see image) are filled in by the registrar including those for another resident Lily Scott, a waitress in a coffee bar. However, it appears the women were found ‘wandering’ in Hampstead Road (several streets away from Gloucester Crescent) by police in an attempt to evade the census as the registrar makes note on the census cover for the address (see image). He refers to the incident being the subject of a 'Police report' on the bottom left of the census for Gloucester Crescent -though it is not clear whether this transpired. Since Madge and Alison evaded the census, no details are given of their employment, although Alison had been heavily involved in the administration of the WFL during its foundation years, serving on its National Executive Council. In 1919, Madge was appointed Assistant Secretary and Librarian for the Association for Moral and Social Hygiene (Alison had been appointed Secretary in 1917), and also edited its monthly publication, The Shield. By 1918, Madge and Alison had moved to Asmun’s Place, Hampstead Garden Suburbs, where they would live together for the rest of their lives. They continued to work together for the Association for Moral and Society Hygiene, where Madge assumed the role of Secretary after ill health forced Alison to retire in 1941. As well as fulfilling her role as Secretary, Madge nursed Alison for two years, until her death in 1943. Madge retired from the Association in 1945, having written several publications on the life and work of Josephine Butler, including one in collaboration with Millicent Fawcett. A keen gardener, Madge was asked to write a book about the flowering plants of Great Britain. Although her own death on 19th February 1948 meant she was not able to correct the proofs, her detailed and meticulously researched book, ‘Common British Flowers’, was published later that same year. Madge was buried at St Mary’s church, Kenardington (Kent), where she and Alison had spent many happy weekends and holidays together. Sources: Nichola Court ‘The Chichester Martyr’ in Chichester History (The Journal of the Chichester Local History Society), No. 35 Summer 2019; Chichester Observer, 1900-1909 Bognor Observer, 1906-1908 Women’s Franchise, 1908-1909 Votes for Women, 1908-1909 The Vote, 1909-1911 Obituary for Ethel Margaret (Madge) Turner, London School of Economics [LSE], Women’s Library (3AMS/A/07/23 TURNER) Electoral registers, Hendon parish (1918-1948) Census returns (1891, 1901, 1911) Probate calendars and will of Madge Turner Index of suffragettes elected (The National Archives) Parish registers, St Peter the Great, Chichester (West Sussex Record Office); J Liddington, Vanishing for the Vote: Suffrage, Citizenship and the Battle for the Census ( Manchester, 2014). Contributed by Nichola Court, Archivist, West Sussex Record Office.&#13;
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                    <text>Eleanor Rathbone in 1910. Source: Special Collections &amp; Archives at the University of Liverpool Library (RPXIV.3.96) https://manuscriptsandmore.liverpool.ac.uk/?p=4131.</text>
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                    <text>Eleanor complies with the census in 1911. Source: courtesy of The National Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Eleanor's home 'Greenbank House' now used as a teaching facilities building by the University of Liverpool. Source: https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/facilities-residential-and-commercial-services/ulcco-sp/completed-works/greenbankhouse/?</text>
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                    <text>Eleanor's Granby ward election flyer, 1910. Source: https://asenseofplace.com/2013/09/08/eleanor-rathbone-of-liverpool/</text>
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                    <text>Eleanor Rathbone speaking in 1922. Source: The Women's Library, LSE.</text>
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                    <text>Eleanor Rathbone speaking at National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship meeting at Aubrey House, 1925. Mrs Millicent Fawcett is on her right. Source: The Women's Library, LSE.</text>
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              <text>Eleanor Florence Rathbone (1872-1946) was a committed suffragist, a dedicated feminist, and a pioneering social reformer. She dedicated her career to enhancing women’s rights.  In addition to being the Honorary Secretary of the Liverpool branch of the NUWSS she was a member of the NUWSS Executive Committee. Eleanor did not support any extreme or illegal forms of protest. She routinely denounced and distanced herself from any extreme or violent acts carried out by the WSPU. She was born to William Rathbone VI and his second wife Emily Acheson Lyle. The Rathbones were a prominent Liverpool family, residing in Greenbank House in south Liverpool. The Rathbone family motto was ‘What ought to be done, can be done’, so from an early age a strong sense of civic duty and responsibility was instilled into Eleanor. She was expected to use her wealth, privilege, and influence to effect real social change. Eleanor’s father (a three term Liberal MP) supported women’s suffrage. He regularly attended local suffrage group meetings and supported John Stuart Mill’s attempt in 1866 to amend franchise legislation to include women. Eleanor studied Philosophy at Somerville College, Oxford, after leaving university she joined her local branch of the NUWSS and in 1897 was appointed Honorary Secretary of Liverpool NUWSS. As a suffragist Eleanor favoured peaceful and law-abiding methods of campaigning. She believed that the more militant and extreme acts carried out by the WSPU were counterproductive. She argued, to gain the vote, women needed to gain positions of power and influence at a local level. In 1909 Eleanor put her theory to the test, ran for public office and won. She was the first woman to be elected to Liverpool City Council. Eleanor’s first act in office was to secure a pledge from the council to publicly support the enfranchisement of women. The Census return for the Rathbone family home at Greenbank House, records Eleanor as single female living with her mother and number of domestic servants. Her full title in the Occupation column is difficult to read. However, it does mention her as a member of Liverpool City Council and her ‘political organising’. Eleanor’s approach to politics was the epitome of ‘doing things by the book’ so her compliance with the 1911 Census is not surprising. Eleanor served on Liverpool Council as an Independent Councillor for twenty-six years campaigning for better working conditions, child welfare reform, and the abolition of slum housing. Her career as suffrage campaigner included the negotiation of an important modification to the Representation of the People Act 1918. Eleanor’s amendment quadrupled the number of women eligible to vote at a local level. In 1919, Eleanor was appointed leader of National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship (formerly the NUWSS), under her leadership the organisation flourished and championed several female focused reforms. In 1929, she was elected to the House of Commons as an Independent MP, representing the Combined Universities seat. As an MP she set up a cross party committee to campaign for Refugee rights, coordinated the rescue of 4000 refugee children from the Basque region of Spain, and was an instrumental in the passing of the landmark Family Allowance Act. The latter is perhaps her greatest achievement as the payment still exists today in the form of Child Benefit. Sources: Susan Pederson, Eleanor Rathbone and the Politics of Conscience (2004); Krista Cowman, Mrs Brown is a Man and a Brother: Women in Merseyside's Political Organisations 1890-1920 (2004); Marij van Helmond, Mrs Brown is a Man and a Brother: Women in Merseyside's Political Organisations 1890-1920 (1992). Contributed by Jo Donnelly (The Herstorian Mum) www.theherstorianmum.co.uk </text>
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                    <text>Source: courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Eleanor Penn Gaskell (c.1860-1937) was honorary secretary of the Willesden branch of the London Society for Women's Suffrage affiliated with the law-abiding National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS). However, from 1908, she began subscribing to the Women’s Social and Political union (WSPU) and was arrested in 1908 for causing a disruption in Piccadilly Circus when distributing leaflets. In January 1910, a shop and office for the Northwest London branch of the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) was opened at 215 High Road Kilburn and managed by Eleanor. In 1911, when the government ordered all households to comply with the census, like numerous supporters of votes for women belonging to the WSPU she decided as an act of civil disobedience not to participate. Eleanor and her husband provided a 'hide out' at their home in 12 Nicoll Road, Willesden, for suffrage supporters who wished to illegally avoid completing the government census survey by staying away from their own homes on census night when officials came to collect. How many stayed there is unclear. George Gaskell, Eleanor's husband, was the only named person on the census for their address in Willesden, and he wrote on the census form (see image): “A number of women suffragists spent the night of 2nd April (census night) in my house. As members of a disenfranchised sex, they object to giving any particulars concerning themselves for the purpose of enumeration under a census act in the framing of which their sex has had no voice. They base their objection upon the principle that government should rest upon the consent of the governed, and as I myself uphold this democratic principle I do not feel justified in filling up any particulars concerning them against their will.” The Penn-Gaskell house was also where (see) Emily Wilding Davison was nursed back to health in June 1912 after hunger striking, being forcibly fed, and injuring herself in Holloway. Eleanor continued campaigning with the WSPU until 1915 when it dropped campaigning for the vote for ‘other purposes outside the scope of the Union’ and failed to publish its accounts. Eleanor then became a member of the breakaway Suffragettes of the WSPU. Sources:  Elizabeth Crawford, The Women's Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide, 1866-1928 (London: Routledge, 1999); www.suffrageresources.org.uk/database/1891/mrs-eleanor-charlotte-penn-gaskell; Dick Weindling at www.kilburnandwillesdenhistory.blogspot.com/2014/11/the-suffragettes-in-kilburn.html. Contributed by Alison Harman, Local history researcher and volunteer at Brent Museum and Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Elizabeth Robins in 1893. Source &amp; copyright The National Portrait Gallery.</text>
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              <text>Henfield’s best-known suffrage campaigner is American-born actress and writer Elizabeth Robins (1862-1952). Particularly acclaimed for her performances in Ibsen’s feminist plays, she retired from the stage at the age of 40 and joined the London Women’s Suffrage Society. By 1909, when she came to live at Backsettown, Henfield, she had switched to the WSPU. As a member of its committee, she wrote articles for the WSPU newspaper Votes for Women and argued the suffrage case in letters to the Times. Elizabeth’s play ‘Votes for Women’ was commissioned by Emmeline Pethick-Lawrence, treasurer of the WSPU, and performed at the Royal Court Theatre in April 1907. Speaking engagements took her all over the country. She shared platforms with the Pankhursts and Emeline Pethick- Lawrence, and sometimes stood in for Emmeline Pankhurst. In June 1909, a major Brighton and Hove WSPU event was a lecture by Elizabeth at Hove Town Hall, advertised by a Men’s League for Women’s Suffrage (MLWS) member displaying a large poster on his boat moored off Palace Pier. Signatures for 29 May 1909 in the Backsettown Visitors Book (see image), include those of Christabel Pankhurst, Emmeline and Frederick Pethick-Lawrence, and Mabel Tuke, WSPU secretary. Backsettown is reputed to have welcomed suffragettes evading arrest or recovering from imprisonment and hunger striking. Christabel Pankhurst stayed two nights in March 1910 and in March 1912 the police searched for her there. As well as being a member of the Actresses Franchise League, Elizabeth was President of the Women Writers Suffrage League, and led its contingent in processions such as the Coronation Procession of 17 June 1910 (see our blog ‘A Fragile Unity’). A few weeks later she took part in a meeting in the Henfield Assembly Room addressed by representatives of the NUWSS. In April 1911, Elizabeth refused to provide the required details for the government census survey, instead inscribing her page ‘The occupier of this house will be ready to give the desired information the moment the Government recognises women as responsible citizens’. In December 1911, she chaired the first WSPU meeting to be held in Henfield. She and speaker Isabel Seymour, a WSPU administrator, ‘were listened to with rapt interest’ and several new members joined. Elizabeth’s swansong as a WSPU star speaker was the WSPU ‘mass meeting’ at the Albert Hall on 15 June. She resigned in October 1912, when Emmeline and Frederick Pethick-Lawrence were expelled for expressing misgivings about the WSPU’s escalation of violent and destructive action. They had founded and edited Votes for Women; the last Sussex entry in the final issue of this, dated 18 October 1912, concerns a special late train to Henfield booked for the night of Emmeline Pankhurst’s speech at the Brighton Dome on 22 October. The late train may not have had many takers: Elizabeth led strong support for the Pethick-Lawrences in Henfield. In 1918, with a first measure of women’s suffrage about to be granted, Elizabeth wrote to NUWSS President, Millicent Garrett Fawcett, hoping for her presence at a celebratory suffragist dinner: ‘This moment of Victory is a time to turn from points of difference to the many points of agreement’. Sources: Votes for Women, Suffragette, Common Cause, Brighton Gazette, LSE Women’s Library 7MGF/A/1/135, Henfield Museum website blog by Robert Gordon: Elizabeth Robins - A New Woman. Contributed by Independent writer and researcher Frances Stenlake. </text>
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                    <text>Source: courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Miss Nellie Allen was active with the WSPU in 1911 at least through until the close of 1913. In 1911, she took part in the suffragette boycott of the government census survey. She wrote across her form for 58 Marlow Moor Road, that 'Until women are recognised by the government as citizens, I refuse to do a citizens duty - No Vote - No Census' and she signed it Nellie Allen. The census official speculates on the form, probably after a conversation with neighbours: 'I understand Miss Allen has a brother and a domestic servant living with her' none of whom were present. By 1913, Nellie was co-treasurer of the WSPU Manchester branch with Miss Wallwork: the two using an office at 32 King Street West. Can you find out more about Nellie Allen to add to her story on the map? If so, please contact us via email. Nellie was contributed to our map by Mark Morreau.</text>
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                    <text>Captain Gonne being arrested in 1910. Source: courtesy The Women's Library, LSE.</text>
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                    <text>Badge belonging to the Men's League for Women's Suffrage. Source: courtesy The Women's Library, LSE.</text>
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              <text>Captain Charles Melvill Gonne (b. 1862, Hove – d. 1926, Ringwood) spent part of his childhood in Hove before training at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich and becoming an officer in the Royal Artillery.  His grandfather had been a Major-General in India and his father was a member of the Indian Civil Service.  &#13;
By 1894, Charles had married his wife Josephine and they had one son who was born in South Africa.  By 1901, the family had returned to Britain where the couple became active suffrage campaigners, with Charles belonging to the Men’s League for Women’s Suffrage and the Men’s Political Union for Women’s Enfranchisement (see separate entry for Josephine).  In 1910, the press reported Charles’s arrest at the Black Friday demonstrations outside Parliament.  A policeman seized the woman accompanying Charles, to which he responded: ‘You may take me, but you shall not take her.’  He was accused of hitting a policeman, which he denied, and was discharged without evidence being offered.  In a later incident, Charles was badly hurt when stewards ejected him from a Liberal meeting, injuring his spine. In 1911, Charles’s address on the electoral register was Fernshaw Mansions, Fernshaw Road, Chelsea, and the couple were active in the King’s Road branch of the WSPU.  However, by the autumn they had moved to Sylvan Way, Bognor Regis, West Sussex continuing their campaigning (the map location is approximate).  In October, Josephine hosted an “At Home” for a local suffrage society during which Charles spoke about his work for the Men’s Committee for Justice to Women.  No record has been found of Charles, his wife or son in the 1911 census so it is possible that they evaded it. In 1913, Charles was arrested again for refusing to pay property taxes on behalf of his wife.  He was imprisoned in Lewes, East Sussex and went on hunger-strike.  He was released within 48 hours due to ill health and his name appears on the Roll of Honour of Suffragette Prisoners 1905-1914.  The Vote commented that “Things have come to a pretty pass, when the only use England has for a courageous and honest gentleman is to break his back and fling him into prison.” During this period, Charles was also on the Special Reserve list of army officers and in the First World War he was promoted to the rank of Major.  His son, Vere Carol Melvill Gonne (1895-1961), supported his parent’s campaigning and continued the family’s military tradition by joining the Royal Garrison Artillery. Contributed by art historian, Dr Diana Wilkins.&#13;
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