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                    <text>A young  Margaret Russell Cooke then known as 'Maye Dilke'. Source: Courtesy &amp; copyright of The National Portrait Gallery</text>
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                    <text>A young  Margaret Russell Cooke then known as 'Maye Dilke'. Source: Courtesy &amp; copyright of The National Portrait Gallery.</text>
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                    <text>1911 census for Bellecroft House. Margaret was away from home, likely abroad. Source: Courtesy The National Archives.</text>
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                    <text>Bellecroft House. Source: © Rev Robert Rudd, Historic England Archive</text>
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                    <text>Isle of Wight Observer, 3 May 1913 .</text>
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                    <text>Isle of Wight County Press, 2 April 1911 reporting Margaret as away from home.</text>
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                    <text>Isle of Wight Times, 15 May 1913, noting Margaret's contribution to a woman suffrage debate.</text>
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                    <text>Isle of Wight  County Press 15 Jan 1908 reporting on Margaret and  Eva Baring (see map) stressing the difference between suffragists and suffragettes at a local meeting</text>
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                    <text>Margaret's obituary in the Evening Mail 25 May 1914.</text>
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                    <text>1901 census showing Margaret staying at the family home. Source: courtesy The National Archives</text>
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              <text>Margaret was born in Hampton, Middlesex, on the 4th of September 1857 as Margaret Mary Smith. She was the eldest child of Thomas Eustace Smith, a shipowner and Liberal MP for Tynemouth, and Martha Mary Dalrymple. She was brought up in Newcastle upon Tyne. Her childhood home was destroyed by a suffragette arson in 1914. She was educated in Orleans, where she passed the public exam to become a French schoolmistress. She married Ashton Dilke in 1876, and they had 3 children until Ashton died in 1883. In 1886, she gave evidence in the divorce proceedings of her sister, Virginia Crawford, the founder of the catholic women’s Suffrage Society. Her testimony was loyal to her sister and incriminated her brother-in-law, politician Sir Charles Dilke. From 1879, Margaret was an active member of the National Society for Women’s Suffrage, becoming a member of its executive board in 1883. In 1885, she published a book called “Women’s Suffrage” with a foreword from MP William Woodhall and contributed to an article in 1889 that was a response to an anti-suffragist appeal against women’s suffrage. Alongside the suffrage movement, she was a member of the London school board and advocated for free education from 1888-1891. Margaret attended the International Council of Women in Washington in 1888, travelling with Alice Scatcherd and Laura Ormiston Chant. Margaret married William Russell Cooke, a lawyer and legal advisor for the Liberal Party, in 1891 at Kensington parish church. They had two sons together. Margaret became treasurer of the Central National Society for Women’s Suffrage in 1896. She also became active in the Women’s Emancipation Union in the same year. She advocated in 1897 for the creation of a national council of women to represent all the societies' women took part in. She also opposed provisions which would have curtailed the role of women in local government in 1899 and fought for seats for female shop assistants who worked long hours. After the death of her second husband, William, in 1903, she settled on the Isle of Wight at Bellecroft House in Newport. The house was in the family, as she visited her parents at Bellecroft in 1901 while the census was taking place. On the Island, she worked to form the island's suffragist movement. In 1908, Margaret spoke at a liberal meeting alongside Mrs Baring, who expressed her suffragist views were not the same as the militant suffragettes which the meeting had criticised. Margaret also spoke about education reform on the island, continuing from her days on the London school board. Margaret is absent from the 1911 census with only two servants being recorded at Bellecroft. A newspaper report dated the 22nd of April 1911, thanking those who sent flowers for a church easter festival, records her as away from home. We can reasonably assume she was abroad at this time, as she is not recorded as a visitor elsewhere in the country during the census and as a suffragist we can surmise would otherwise have complied with the census. Margaret was also a part of a town hall debate in Ryde in which she debated against Miss Gladys Potts of the National League Against Women’s Suffrage in May 1913. Margaret continued her support for the cause while battling illness and just weeks before her death, supported the formation of a Newport branch of the NUWSS at the beginning of May 1914 and was the vice president. She held a general meeting at her home, Bellecroft. Margaret died there on the 19th of May 1914. Her eldest son from her second marriage, Sidney Russell Cooke, went on to become a liberal parliamentary candidate and continued to live at Bellecroft. Sources: MacColl, N &amp; Baigent, E, "Dilke, Ashton Wentworth (1850–1883), traveller and politician" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Date of access 2 Aug 2025; Crawford, Elizabeth, The Women’s Suffrage Movement: A Reference Guide, 18661928 (London,1999). Contributed by Becca Aspden, URSS student researcher, History Dept., Warwick University.</text>
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                <text>Margaret Mary Russell Cooke </text>
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                    <text>One of Margaret's letters. Source: The Common Cause, 14 July, 1910, p. 226.</text>
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                    <text>Advertisement for Margaret's suffrage song. Source: The Common Cause, 27 June 1912, p. 17.</text>
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                    <text>Words from Margaret's suffrage song. Source: Portsmouth Evening News, 3 July 1912, p. 4.</text>
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                    <text>A Portsmouth NUWSS branch gathering in 'The Cottage' garden in 1910. Source: Portsmouth Library.</text>
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                    <text>A letter from Margaret about the proposed NUWSS 'Active Service Corps'. Source: The Common Cause, 26 December 1913, p. 709. </text>
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              <text>'The Cottage', 53 Havant Road, Cosham, Portsmouth.</text>
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              <text>Margarette was born in Saxony, Germany in 1872. She married (see) Rev. Canon John Howard Bertram Masterman who was an ardent supporter of the women's suffrage campaign and was often with Margarette at suffrage meetings. Margarette belonged to the Coventry Women's Suffrage Society - the local branch of the NUWSS - and was committted to law abiding methods of campaigning. The couple were against the tactics of suffragette militancy. In 1912, Margarette left Coventry when her husband was posted to a new parish - Mary-le-bow in Cheapside, London. However, alongside her husband, Margarette continued quietly campaigning for the cause as well as undertaking charitable work. Researcher: Tara Morton. Coventry research funded by Warwick University.</text>
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                    <text>Portrait photograph of Margery Corbett Ashby by Haywards Heath photographer Eva Pannell, Schwimmer/Lloyd Collection, New York Public Library.</text>
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              <text>Margery Corbett Ashby (1882-1981) was the elder daughter of leading Liberal suffrage campaigners (see) Marie and Charles Corbett of Woodgate, Danehill, Sussex. In 1904 she and sister Cicely accompanied Marie to Berlin for the first International Women’s Suffrage Congress. With a BA from Newnham, Cambridge, Margery became secretary of the NUWSS, then joined the executive committee and was soon addressing public meetings in London and in Sussex: at Brighton Dome in October 1910 she was the principal speaker at the biggest event yet organised by the Brighton and Hove Women’s Franchise Society. While their father was briefly Liberal MP for East Grinstead and had a flat in London, she and Cicely formed the ‘Younger Suffragists’ there. This non-party, non-militant society’s inaugural meeting in December 1909 was chaired by Margery and addressed by Lady Betty Balfour of the Conservative Women’s Franchise Society.&#13;
County Liberals and eminent suffrage campaigners gathered for Margery’s wedding to Brian Ashby in Danehill Church in December 1910. The couple subsequently lived in Langside Avenue in Putney, where we find them on the 1911 census and where Margery is described as a lecturer on suffrage and politics. Margery became a Poor Law Guardian in Wandsworth and chair of the Barnes, Mortlake and East Sheen branch of the London Society for Women’s Suffrage in 1914, the year her son was born. Yet she continued to speak for women’s suffrage in Danehill as well as in London: at a ‘drawing room’ meeting hosted by Mrs Firebrace of Danehurst in November 1912, as well as on a platform at the Hyde Park mass rally at the culmination of the Great Suffrage Pilgrimage in July 1913. When 1918 Representation of the People Act allowed women to stand for Parliament, Margery stood for the Liberals at several General Elections just to further the cause. At Ladywood, Birmingham, in December 1918, she was, as the sympathetic Mid Sussex Times reported, ‘snowed under’ by votes for Neville Chamberlain who then entered the House of Commons for the first time. Three years later she ‘made a splendid fight for Liberalism at Richmond’, supported by fellow Sussex Liberal, Lord Denman of Balcombe Place. The Mid Sussex Times took pride in announcing the achievements of ‘Charles Corbett’s clever daughter’ (sic), repeatedly reminding readers of her election in 1923 as President of the International Women’s Suffrage Alliance, and in 1927 as President of the Women’s National Liberal Federation. In 1929, as President of the National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship, the successor to the NUWSS, Margery attended a meeting at Balcombe Place to promote the formation of Townswomen’s Guilds in Sussex. Women having been granted equal voting rights with men in 1928, the NUSEC was, in 1933, succeeded by the National Union of Townswomen’s Guilds, with Margery as President. As a member of the British delegation to the disappointing 1932-4 League of Nations World Disarmament Conference in Geneva, Margery worked with Lord Robert Cecil, of nearby Chelwood Gate, a founder member, with her father, of the Men’s League for Women’s Suffrage in 1907. In February 1935, these two luminaries of the women’s rights and peace movements emphasized to a packed audience in Danehill Memorial Hall the need to persevere with League of Nations peace efforts. Margery referring to having worked in 30 countries, spoke of ‘the feeling of the world for peace’. ‘It is our business to let the Government know what we want.’ She continued to live in the Putney area of London during much of her working life, later moving to back to Sussex. Margery Corbett Ashby was made a DBE in 1967. For more information see Margery Corbett Ashby in Elizabeth Crawford: The Women’s Suffrage Movement: a reference guide,1866-1928 (London: Routledge, 2001) and her entry in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. The original entry has been added to and updated by independent researcher and writer Frances Stenlake using sources: Common Cause; Mid Sussex Times; Brighton Gazette; Danehill Parish Historical Society, Woodgate July 2010; Margery Corbett Ashby reminiscences recorded by J Bakewell 1972, Women' Library, LSE. &#13;
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                    <text>Maria evaded the 1911 census and so her form for 63 Union Road is blank - and yet it speaks volumes. Source: The National Archives.</text>
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              <text>Maria was born in 1866 in London - the same year that the first nationally organised petition for female suffrage was handed to parliament by Liberal M.P John Stuart Mill. By 1901, Maria was living in Kent with her sister Edith. The two employed three servants and described themselves as living ‘on own means’ and so were likely in receipt of an annuity from their father, a wealthy merchant. Three years later in 1904, we find Maria working to help those in poverty at the Bermondsey Settlement and occupying a property in Rotherhithe rented in relation to her activities there. This property rental allowed Maria, with fellow Settlement worker (see) Anna Martin, to claim for and successfully win the right to be listed on the municipal voters register that year, despite opposition in court from a local Conservative M.P.&#13;
&#13;
By 1911, women’s right to vote was important enough to Maria to take part in the illegal boycott of the government census organised by suffrage societies like the Women's Freedom League (WFL) and the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) in protest at women’s exclusion from the franchise. She was then living at 63 Union Road and performed her protest together with fellow residents Anna Martin and Miss Britten. Maria chose to ‘evade’ the census, leaving her form completely blank (see images). However, she did write on the cover, ‘I refuse to fill up form as a protest against a non-representative Government’. We have supposed for the moment on our map, that she was a supporter of the WFL due to her participation in the boycott and the likely societal sympathies of her fellow residents and settlement workers. The following year in 1912, Maria donated £1 in response to an appeal to raise funds for the children of families struggling as a result of a transport workers strike, via the socialist newspaper the Daily Herald, publicly supported by the WFL. &#13;
&#13;
We know little else about Maria at present, other than she died in 1938 aged 72 at her later home in Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, which she shared with sister Edith. An open verdict was declared on her death which was ascribed to a 60ft fall from a balcony at her home and was suggested by her sister to have been suicide. A brief obituary about Maria refers to her love of painting and her work at the Bermondsey Settlement for which she was clearly well remembered. &#13;
&#13;
Can you tell us more about Maria’s life? If so, please contact us.&#13;
&#13;
Researcher: Tara Morton.</text>
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              <text>Marie Eliza Corbett (1859-1932) and her husband Charles were leading Liberals who lived at Woodgate, his estate at Danehill, near East Grinstead. When the 1894 Local Government Act gave propertied women the right to vote for and serve on local councils and as Poor Law Guardians, Marie became the first woman member of the new Uckfield Rural District Council and a Guardian of Uckfield Workhouse. In 1887, with Millicent Garrett Fawcett, Eva McLaren and Lady Frances Balfour, she formed the Liberal Women’s Suffrage Society, and in 1907 she co-founded the Forward Suffrage Union to urge the Federation of Women Liberals Associations to adopt a definite women’s suffrage policy. In 1911, following a meeting held by Lady Edith Fox-Pitt and Lady Queensberry, presided over by Lady Grove, chair of the Forward Suffrage Union, and addressed by Frances Balfour, Marie formed the East Grinstead Women’s Suffrage Society (EGWSS) with herself as honorary secretary. Its President was Muriel, Countess de la Warr, and titled Vice-Presidents were: Muriel’s sister-in-law Countess Sybil Brassey; Lady Fox-Pitt; Lady Eleanor Cecil of Chelwood Gate, whose husband, Lord Robert Cecil, was a founder member of the MLWS; Countess Munster of Maresfield Park; Countess Platen; and Lady Katherine Morgan of the Conservative Women’s Franchise Association. A few months later Florence Buckley, EGWSS treasurer, chaired the first women’s suffrage meeting ever to be held in Danehill itself. Miss Chute Ellis and Miss Spooner, of the Central Sussex Women’s Suffrage Society, addressed an audience of 50-60, enlisting 12 new members. Cicely Corbett proposed the vote of thanks. In 1912 the EGWSS became affiliated to the Surrey, Sussex and Hampshire Federation of the NUWSS. With the escalation of WSPU violence that year, Marie, with other Sussex branch secretaries, wrote to the local press, denouncing WSPU militancy: ‘There cannot be more than a few hundred who have put themselves under the leadership of the WSPU for the commission of lawless activities. The members of the East Grinstead Women’s Suffrage Society strongly disapprove of acts of violence.’ In July 1913 Marie arranged a public meeting on the eve of taking EGWSS members to join the Brighton Road contingent of Great Suffrage Pilgrimage to London. This descended into the ‘East Grinstead Riot’ when youths, recruited by ‘anti’ agents provocateurs, subjected EGWSS members and speakers, including Laurence Housman, a founder member of the MLWS, to noisy verbal abuse and unsavoury and injurious missiles. Undaunted, about 20 women set off the following morning to join the Brighton Road and Horsham contingents on their way from Crawley to Horley. From 1904 when Marie and her two daughters, Margery and Cicely, attended the first International Suffrage Congress, in Berlin, until 1921 when she took ‘a large contingent of women from Danehill’ to participate in the women’s procession from the Embankment to the Albert Hall World Disarmament Conference, Marie campaigned on behalf of women at international as well as local level. Her obituary in the Mid Sussex Times detailed her involvement in community activity; International Women’s Suffrage News eulogised her as ‘one of our pioneers’. Contributed by independent researcher and writer, Frances Stenlake. Sources: Margery Corbett Ashby Memoirs 1997; WSRO 54752 East Grinstead Women’s Suffrage Society report from its formation 30 May 1911 to 23 Jan 1914; East Grinstead Observer Mid Sussex Times; East Surrey Journal; Sussex Express; East Sussex News; Common Cause; International Women’s Suffrage News.</text>
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                    <text>The inaugural meeting of the CWSS hosted by Marie at home in 1909. Source: The Common Cause, 23 Dec, 1909.</text>
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              <text>Marie's husband Alfred White was co-founder and managing director of White and Poppes (Drake Street) a large motor engineering firm in Coventry that became renowned arms manufacturers during the Great War. Marie played a central role in founding the Coventry Women's Suffrage Society (CWSS) - the local branch of the law abiding NUWSS - by inviting and hosting a meeting for the latter in Coventry in 1909 from which a preliminary Coventry committee was formed. At the beginning of 1910, the CWSS was officially founded with Marie acting as literature secretary. Afterwards, she hosted a series of follow up meetings and 'at homes' at St. Gilgen often with her sister in law (see) Edith White helping the Coventry Society grow in its early years. Marie seems to have been most comfortable as a facilitator rather than as a speaker, but was ever present throughout the campaign. She was an avid supporter of Coventry and District Nursing Association and numerous children's welfare charities. In 1920, she left Coventry for a time to work in the Tyrol, Austria, for Coventry's Save the Children and Famine Relief Fund. Researcher: Tara Morton. Coventry research funded by Warwick University.&#13;
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                    <text>Marion in Council robes. Source: Dorman Museum.</text>
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                    <text>Source: The Vote, 3 February, 1912, p. 176.</text>
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              <text>Marion was sister in law to Alice Schofield-Coates and both women were members of the WFL after briefly belonging to the WSPU. For a short time, Alice may have lived at Northgate house with Marion and her husband Fredrich before she got married to Marion's brother and Fredrich's boss coal merchant Charles Coates in 1910. Alice's daughter would later claim that despite their shared interests, the sister in laws disliked each other and kept their distance wherever possible. During her time in the WFL, Marion was on the board of Guardians for the Newport ward and both she and Alice organised public meetings for the WFL in town - despite dire warnings from local police about potential public opposition. In 1911, Marion took part in the suffrage census boycott as did her sister in law (see) Alice now a near neighbour. Marion's German born husband Fredrich writes on the census form - ' The females in this house refuse to supply any information whatever until they are granted the rights and privileges of citizenship. No vote no census of women'. The 'females' included Marion and two unnamed servants. In 1912, the WFL newspaper, The Vote, reported Marion's key role in organising the WFL's annual conference and heading the society's Standing Orders Committee as well as her election onto the WFL's executive committee. Marion was also a Labour Party member and corresponded regularly with George Lansbury, a Labour MP and vociferous supporter of women's suffrage. Marion was later elected as Middlesbrough's second (her sister in law Alice being the first) female Councillor where she was active in improving housing conditions. For additional reading, see Leslie Tomlinson, Marion Coates-Hanson (http://www.nunthorpehistorygroup.org/No%205%20January%202013.pdf).&#13;
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                <text>Marion Coates-Hanson</text>
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